Age differences also holds true in the sport, exercise, and active play domain. The International Journal of Sport Psychology publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in the … Although there have been some studies examining the model’s components in isolation (e.g., O & Munroe-Chandler, 2008), more research is needed testing multiple elements of the model (cf., Smith, Wright, Allsopp, & Westhead, 2007) and in different contexts. Sophisticated neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imagery (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), as well as mental chronometry (informs about the temporal coupling between real and simulated movements), have allowed researchers to test functional equivalence and to gain a greater understanding between imagery and movement. The Journal of Applied Sport Psychology publishes research to advance thought, theory, and research related to sport and exercise psychology. This finding is consistent in the exercise imagery field, wherein experienced exercisers use imagery more often than less experienced exercisers (Gammage, Hall, & Rodgers, 2000), and in the performing arts field wherein higher level ballet dancers report using more imagery than their lower level counterparts (Nordin & Cumming, 2008). Although an improvement over earlier theories, the bioinformational theory lacks explanation regarding the motivational types of imagery (Hall, 2001). Some have noted that novice performers may not be as skilled at imagining given their lack of ability to develop knowledge of the spatial and kinesthetic requirements of the task (Driskell, Copper, & Moran, 1994). However, some researchers (e.g., Bernier & Fournier, 2010; Nordin & Cumming, 2008) have found that images can serve multiple functions for an athlete and have argued that function (why athletes image) and content (what athletes image) are not identical and therefore should be separated. Although the MIQ-3 has shown to be a reliable and valid measure (Williams et al., 2012), because of the recentness of its development, more research is warranted using this measure. One of the most consistent findings from the performance imagery literature is that higher skilled performers report using imagery more often than lower skilled performers (Cumming & Hall, 2002; Hall, Mack, Paivio, & Hausenblaus, 1998; Hausenblas, Hall, Rodgers, & Munroe, 1999). The effect of acute cognitively engaging physical activity breaks on children's executive functions: Too much of a good thing? A. Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5. And all those beats, I test them as a DJ. Specifically, the disciplines of sports administration, sports medicine, strength and conditioning, and sports psychology can assist coaches while physically and mentally training their athletes. Strong reliabilities are reported for all three subscales (Hausenblas et al., 1999; Rodgers, Munroe, & Hall, 2001). Submissions such as experimental studies, qualitative research, correlational studies, case studies, position papers, … Citation search. Sports Science Psychology Applied Psychology: Publisher: Human Kinetics Publishers Inc. Exercisers are asked to rate their imagery use on the three aforementioned subscales using a 9-point scale, anchored by 1 (never) and 9 (always). As such, it seems as though personality characteristics (i.e., narcissism) may influence the effectiveness of psychological skills and thereby require additional investigation. To decline or learn more, visit our Cookies page. The Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ; Hall, Mack, Paivio, & Hausenblas, 1998; Hall, Stevens, & Paivio, 2005) is the most widely used measure of imagery frequency in the sport domain (Morris et al., 2005). Submit an article. Gregg and Hall (2006) developed the Motivational Imagery Ability Measure for Sport (MIAMS) to assess motivational imagery abilities, which had yet to be included in any previous imagery ability measure. It may be argued that imaging a common movement (kicking a ball; VMIQ-2) may be easier for the participant than imaging a less common movement (raising your knee as high as possible so that you are standing on your left leg with your right leg flexed [bent] at the knee; MIQ-3). Other professionals utilize exercise and sports to enhance people’s lives and well-being throughout the entire lifespan. Investigators of past studies have typically delivered multicomponent interventions, which have included MG-A imagery along with other psychological skills (e.g., relaxation, breathing; Thomas, Maynard, & Hanton, 2007). Indeed, most of the recent performance imagery research (e.g., sport, exercise) has developed as a result of Paivio’s (1985) analytic model. For example, that same swimmer may feel tightness in her shoulders due to the anxiety experienced when imagining the swim meet or she may neglect external stimuli such as the crowd cheering after imagining a personal best time. An often cited definition of imagery is: an experience that mimics real experience. How is it different from other subdisciplines of psychology? Please note an open access fee is payable for publication in Data in Brief. The instructions from the VMIQ-2 ask participants to draw on their memory of common movements, whereas the MIQ-3 requires participants to execute a movement first prior to imagining it, thereby relying on short-term memory. Subscribe. The CAPIQ has demonstrated adequate internal consistencies for all three subscales (Cooke et al., 2014) and contributes to the measurement of imagery use in a physical activity setting other than organized sport. 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